我正在尝试使用扳手模拟器运行带有 JPA 的基本 Spring Boot 应用程序。但是，在达到任何暴露的端点后启动后出现以下错误。
PERMISSION_DENIED: com.google.api.gax.rpc.PermissionDeniedException: io.grpc.StatusRuntimeException: PERMISSION_DENIED: Caller is missing IAM permission spanner.sessions.create on resource projects/test-project/instances/test-instance/databases/test-database.
项目已从https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/google-cloud-spanner-hibernate/tree/master/google-cloud-spanner-hibernate-samples/spring-data-jpa-sample克隆， 我唯一的改变done 更新了 application.properties 文件。根据我的理解，扳手模拟器不应该有任何与 IAM 相关的问题，因为它不需要任何问题。我不确定是什么导致了这个问题。我已经验证了模拟器配置是活动配置，因此我希望代码能够连接到模拟器。
# Application configuration to use Cloud Spanner with Spring Data JPA
# Spanner connection URL.
# - ${PROJECT_ID} Replace with your GCP project ID
# - ${INSTANCE_ID} Replace with your Spanner instance ID
# - ${DATABASE_NAME} Replace with your Spanner database name within your Spanner instance
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:cloudspanner:/projects/test-project/instances/test-instance/databases/test-database
# Specify the Spanner JDBC driver.
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.google.cloud.spanner.jdbc.JdbcDriver
# Specify the Spanner Hibernate dialect.
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=com.google.cloud.spanner.hibernate.SpannerDialect
#spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update //same error even if I uncomment this line
# Settings to enable batching statements for efficiency
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.jdbc.batch_size=100
# You may display SQL statements and stats for debugging if needed.
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.show_sql=true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true
请在下面找到控制台日志：
2021-10-06 12:59:12.549 INFO 9747 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2021-10-06 12:59:12.556 INFO 9747 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat]
2021-10-06 12:59:12.556 INFO 9747 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.53]
2021-10-06 12:59:12.617 INFO 9747 --- [ main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2021-10-06 12:59:12.617 INFO 9747 --- [ main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 694 ms
2021-10-06 12:59:12.707 INFO 9747 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2021-10-06 12:59:12.737 WARN 9747 --- [ main] c.g.a.oauth2.DefaultCredentialsProvider : Your application has authenticated using end user credentials from Google Cloud SDK. We recommend that most server applications use service accounts instead. If your application continues to use end user credentials from Cloud SDK, you might receive a "quota exceeded" or "API not enabled" error. For more information about service accounts, see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/.
2021-10-06 12:59:14.558 INFO 9747 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.PoolBase : HikariPool-1 - Driver does not support get/set network timeout for connections. (Network timeout is not supported)
2021-10-06 12:59:22.165 INFO 9747 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
2021-10-06 12:59:22.197 INFO 9747 --- [ main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: default]
2021-10-06 12:59:22.231 INFO 9747 --- [ main] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 5.4.29.Final
2021-10-06 12:59:22.337 INFO 9747 --- [ main] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.1.2.Final}
2021-10-06 12:59:22.396 INFO 9747 --- [ main] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: com.google.cloud.spanner.hibernate.SpannerDialect
2021-10-06 12:59:22.851 INFO 9747 --- [ main] o.h.e.t.j.p.i.JtaPlatformInitiator : HHH000490: Using JtaPlatform implementation: [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.NoJtaPlatform]
2021-10-06 12:59:22.857 INFO 9747 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Initialized JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
2021-10-06 12:59:23.060 WARN 9747 --- [ main] JpaBaseConfiguration$JpaWebConfiguration : spring.jpa.open-in-view is enabled by default. Therefore, database queries may be performed during view rendering. Explicitly configure spring.jpa.open-in-view to disable this warning
2021-10-06 12:59:23.184 INFO 9747 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.w.s.WelcomePageHandlerMapping : Adding welcome page template: index
2021-10-06 12:59:23.290 INFO 9747 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2021-10-06 12:59:23.298 INFO 9747 --- [ main] com.example.CoffeeApplication : Started CoffeeApplication in 12.957 seconds (JVM running for 13.227)
2021-10-06 12:59:33.646 INFO 9747 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2021-10-06 12:59:33.646 INFO 9747 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2021-10-06 12:59:33.647 INFO 9747 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed initialization in 1 ms
Hibernate:
select
customer0_.id as id1_1_,
customer0_.email as email2_1_,
customer0_.name as name3_1_
from
customer customer0_
2021-10-06 12:59:35.650 WARN 9747 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 7, SQLState: null
2021-10-06 12:59:35.650 ERROR 9747 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : PERMISSION_DENIED: com.google.api.gax.rpc.PermissionDeniedException: io.grpc.StatusRuntimeException: PERMISSION_DENIED: Caller is missing IAM permission spanner.sessions.create on resource projects/test-project/instances/test-instance/databases/test-database.
2021-10-06 12:59:35.668 ERROR 9747 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet] : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaSystemException: could not extract ResultSet; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not extract ResultSet] with root cause
io.grpc.StatusRuntimeException: PERMISSION_DENIED: Caller is missing IAM permission spanner.sessions.create on resource projects/test-project/instances/test-instance/databases/test-database.
at io.grpc.Status.asRuntimeException(Status.java:535) ~[grpc-api-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.stub.ClientCalls$UnaryStreamToFuture.onClose(ClientCalls.java:533) ~[grpc-stub-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.PartialForwardingClientCallListener.onClose(PartialForwardingClientCallListener.java:39) ~[grpc-api-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.ForwardingClientCallListener.onClose(ForwardingClientCallListener.java:23) ~[grpc-api-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.ForwardingClientCallListener$SimpleForwardingClientCallListener.onClose(ForwardingClientCallListener.java:40) ~[grpc-api-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at com.google.cloud.spanner.spi.v1.SpannerErrorInterceptor$1$1.onClose(SpannerErrorInterceptor.java:100) ~[google-cloud-spanner-6.12.5.jar:6.12.5]
at io.grpc.internal.ClientCallImpl.closeObserver(ClientCallImpl.java:557) ~[grpc-core-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.internal.ClientCallImpl.access$300(ClientCallImpl.java:69) ~[grpc-core-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.internal.ClientCallImpl$ClientStreamListenerImpl$1StreamClosed.runInternal(ClientCallImpl.java:738) ~[grpc-core-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.internal.ClientCallImpl$ClientStreamListenerImpl$1StreamClosed.runInContext(ClientCallImpl.java:717) ~[grpc-core-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.internal.ContextRunnable.run(ContextRunnable.java:37) ~[grpc-core-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at io.grpc.internal.SerializingExecutor.run(SerializingExecutor.java:133) ~[grpc-core-1.40.1.jar:1.40.1]
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511) ~[na:1.8.0_281]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) ~[na:1.8.0_281]
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$201(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:180) ~[na:1.8.0_281]
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:293) ~[na:1.8.0_281]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) ~[na:1.8.0_281]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) ~[na:1.8.0_281]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) [na:1.8.0_281]