根据对这个问题的反馈,我使用 MultiParamTypeClass 来表示强化学习环境Environment,使用 3 个类型变量:e用于环境实例本身(例如下面的 Nim 之类的游戏),s用于特定使用的状态数据类型游戏,以及a特定游戏使用的动作数据类型。
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
class MultiAgentEnvironment e s a where
baseState :: e -> s
nextState :: e -> s -> a -> s
reward :: (Num r) => e -> s -> a -> [r]
data Game = Game { players :: Int
, initial_piles :: [Int]
} deriving (Show)
data State = State { player :: Int
, piles :: [Int]} deriving (Show)
data Action = Action { removed :: [Int]} deriving (Show)
instance MultiAgentEnvironment Game State Action where
baseState game = State{player=0, piles=initial_piles game}
nextState game state action = State{player=player state + 1 `mod` players game,
piles=zipWith (-) (piles state) (removed action)}
reward game state action = [0, 0]
newGame :: Int -> [Int] -> Game
newGame players piles = Game{players=players, initial_piles=piles}
main = do
print "Hello, world!"
let game = newGame 2 [3,4,5]
print game
正如预期的那样,我已经遇到了模棱两可的问题。见下文,其中 action 类型变量a在 typeclass 中被认为是不明确的Environment。
(base) randm@soundgarden:~/Projects/games/src/Main$ ghc -o basic basic.hs
[1 of 1] Compiling Main ( basic.hs, basic.o )
basic.hs:4:5: error:
• Could not deduce (MultiAgentEnvironment e s a0)
from the context: MultiAgentEnvironment e s a
bound by the type signature for:
baseState :: forall e s a. MultiAgentEnvironment e s a => e -> s
at basic.hs:4:5-23
The type variable ‘a0’ is ambiguous
• In the ambiguity check for ‘baseState’
To defer the ambiguity check to use sites, enable AllowAmbiguousTypes
When checking the class method:
baseState :: forall e s a. MultiAgentEnvironment e s a => e -> s
In the class declaration for ‘MultiAgentEnvironment’
|
4 | baseState :: e -> s
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
我该如何解决这种歧义?我是否错误地使用类型类来实现接口(即baseState,,nextState)reward?