还有一组经典的 Prolog 基准,可用于比较 Prolog 实现。一些 Prolog 系统包括它们(例如 SWI-Prolog)。它们也包含在 Logtalk 发行版中,允许使用支持的后端运行它们:
https://github.com/LogtalkDotOrg/logtalk3/tree/master/examples/bench
在当前的 Logtalk git 版本中,您可以使用要进行基准测试的后端启动它并使用查询:
?- {bench(loader)}.
...
?- run.
这些将报告每个基准运行 1000 次的总时间。用于run/1
不同的重复次数。例如,在我使用 SWI-Prolog 8.3.15 的 macOS 系统中,我得到:
?- run.
boyer: 20.897818 seconds
chat_parser: 7.962188999999999 seconds
crypt: 0.14653999999999812 seconds
derive: 0.004462999999997663 seconds
divide10: 0.002300000000001745 seconds
log10: 0.0011489999999980682 seconds
meta_qsort: 0.2729539999999986 seconds
mu: 0.04534600000000211 seconds
nreverse: 0.016964000000001533 seconds
ops8: 0.0016230000000021505 seconds
poly_10: 1.9540520000000008 seconds
prover: 0.05286200000000463 seconds
qsort: 0.030829000000004214 seconds
queens_8: 2.2245050000000077 seconds
query: 0.11675499999999772 seconds
reducer: 0.00044199999999960937 seconds
sendmore: 3.048624999999994 seconds
serialise: 0.0003770000000073992 seconds
simple_analyzer: 0.8428750000000065 seconds
tak: 5.495768999999996 seconds
times10: 0.0019139999999993051 seconds
unify: 0.11229400000000567 seconds
zebra: 1.595203000000005 seconds
browse: 31.000829000000003 seconds
fast_mu: 0.04102400000000728 seconds
flatten: 0.028527999999994336 seconds
nand: 0.9632950000000022 seconds
perfect: 0.36678499999999303 seconds
true.
对于 SICStus Prolog 4.6.0,我得到:
| ?- run.
boyer: 3.638 seconds
chat_parser: 0.7650000000000006 seconds
crypt: 0.029000000000000803 seconds
derive: 0.0009999999999994458 seconds
divide10: 0.001000000000000334 seconds
log10: 0.0009999999999994458 seconds
meta_qsort: 0.025000000000000355 seconds
mu: 0.004999999999999893 seconds
nreverse: 0.0019999999999997797 seconds
ops8: 0.001000000000000334 seconds
poly_10: 0.20500000000000007 seconds
prover: 0.005999999999999339 seconds
qsort: 0.0030000000000001137 seconds
queens_8: 0.2549999999999999 seconds
query: 0.024999999999999467 seconds
reducer: 0.001000000000000334 seconds
sendmore: 0.6079999999999997 seconds
serialise: 0.0019999999999997797 seconds
simple_analyzer: 0.09299999999999997 seconds
tak: 0.5869999999999997 seconds
times10: 0.001000000000000334 seconds
unify: 0.013000000000000789 seconds
zebra: 0.33999999999999986 seconds
browse: 4.137 seconds
fast_mu: 0.0070000000000014495 seconds
nand: 0.1280000000000001 seconds
perfect: 0.07199999999999918 seconds
yes
对于 GNU Prolog 1.4.5,我使用示例嵌入脚本logtalk3/scripts/embedding/gprolog
来创建一个可执行文件,其中包含bench
完全编译的示例:
| ?- run.
boyer: 9.3459999999999983 seconds
chat_parser: 1.9610000000000003 seconds
crypt: 0.048000000000000043 seconds
derive: 0.0020000000000006679 seconds
divide10: 0.00099999999999944578 seconds
log10: 0.00099999999999944578 seconds
meta_qsort: 0.099000000000000199 seconds
mu: 0.012999999999999901 seconds
nreverse: 0.0060000000000002274 seconds
ops8: 0.00099999999999944578 seconds
poly_10: 0.72000000000000064 seconds
prover: 0.016000000000000014 seconds
qsort: 0.0080000000000008953 seconds
queens_8: 0.68599999999999994 seconds
query: 0.041999999999999815 seconds
reducer: 0.0 seconds
sendmore: 1.1070000000000011 seconds
serialise: 0.0060000000000002274 seconds
simple_analyzer: 0.25 seconds
tak: 1.3899999999999988 seconds
times10: 0.0010000000000012221 seconds
unify: 0.089999999999999858 seconds
zebra: 0.63499999999999979 seconds
browse: 10.923999999999999 seconds
fast_mu: 0.015000000000000568 seconds
(27352 ms) yes
我建议您尝试这些基准测试,在您的计算机上运行它们,并使用您想要比较的 Prolog 系统。在这样做时,请记住这是一组有限的基准,不一定反映非平凡应用程序中的实际相对性能。
比率:
SICStus/SWI GNU/SWI
boyer 17.4% 44.7%
browse 13.3% 35.2%
chat_parser 9.6% 24.6%
crypt 19.8% 32.8%
derive 22.4% 44.8%
divide10 43.5% 43.5%
fast_mu 17.1% 36.6%
flatten - -
log10 87.0% 87.0%
meta_qsort 9.2% 36.3%
mu 11.0% 28.7%
nand 13.3% -
nreverse 11.8% 35.4%
ops8 61.6% 61.6%
perfect 19.6% -
poly_10 10.5% 36.8%
prover 11.4% 30.3%
qsort 9.7% 25.9%
queens_8 11.5% 30.8%
query 21.4% 36.0%
reducer 226.2% 0.0%
sendmore 19.9% 36.3%
serialise 530.5% 1591.5%
simple_analyzer 11.0% 29.7%
tak 10.7% 25.3%
times10 52.2% 52.2%
unify 11.6% 80.1%
zebra 21.3% 39.8%
PS 请务必使用 Logtalk 3.43.0 或更高版本,因为它包含bench
示例的可移植性修复,包括 GNU Prolog 和一组基本单元测试。