61

我尝试从一个文件夹中包含子文件夹的 .zip 中提取所有文件。我希望子文件夹中的所有文件仅提取到一个文件夹中,而不保留原始结构。目前,我提取所有文件,将文件移动到一个文件夹,然后删除以前的子文件夹。具有相同名称的文件将被覆盖。

是否可以在写入文件之前做到这一点?

下面是一个结构示例:

my_zip/file1.txt
my_zip/dir1/file2.txt
my_zip/dir1/dir2/file3.txt
my_zip/dir3/file4.txt

最后我希望这样:

my_dir/file1.txt
my_dir/file2.txt
my_dir/file3.txt
my_dir/file4.txt

我可以在此代码中添加什么?

import zipfile
my_dir = "D:\\Download\\"
my_zip = "D:\\Download\\my_file.zip"

zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(my_zip, 'r')
for files in zip_file.namelist():
    zip_file.extract(files, my_dir)
zip_file.close()

如果我从 zip_file.namelist() 重命名文件路径,则会出现以下错误:

KeyError: "There is no item named 'file2.txt' in the archive"
4

5 回答 5

74

这将打开 zip 存档成员的文件句柄,提取文件名并将其复制到目标文件(这就是ZipFile.extract工作方式,无需处理子目录)。

import os
import shutil
import zipfile

my_dir = r"D:\Download"
my_zip = r"D:\Download\my_file.zip"

with zipfile.ZipFile(my_zip) as zip_file:
    for member in zip_file.namelist():
        filename = os.path.basename(member)
        # skip directories
        if not filename:
            continue
    
        # copy file (taken from zipfile's extract)
        source = zip_file.open(member)
        target = open(os.path.join(my_dir, filename), "wb")
        with source, target:
            shutil.copyfileobj(source, target)
于 2011-02-07T01:30:18.640 回答
35

可以迭代ZipFile.infolist(). 然后,您可以在返回的ZipInfo对象上操作filename以删除目录部分,最后将其提取到指定目录。

import glob
import zipfile
import shutil
import os

my_dir = "D:\\Download\\"
my_zip = "D:\\Download\\my_file.zip"

with zipfile.ZipFile(my_zip) as zip:
    for zip_info in zip.infolist():
        if zip_info.filename[-1] == '/':
            continue
        zip_info.filename = os.path.basename(zip_info.filename)
        zip.extract(zip_info, my_dir)
于 2017-12-04T11:17:24.377 回答
12

只需提取到内存中的字节,计算文件名,然后自己写在那里,而不是让库来做——大多数情况下,只需使用“read()”而不是“extract()”方法:

Python 3.6+ update(2020) - 与原始答案相同的代码,但使用pathlib.Path,这简化了文件路径操作和其他操作(如“write_bytes”)

from pathlib import Path
import zipfile
import os

my_dir = Path("D:\\Download\\")
my_zip = my_dir / "my_file.zip"

zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(my_zip, 'r')
for files in zip_file.namelist():
    data = zip_file.read(files, my_dir)
    myfile_path = my_dir / Path(files.filename).name
    myfile_path.write_bytes(data)
zip_file.close()

没有 pathlib的答案中的原始代码:

import zipfile
import os

my_dir = "D:\\Download\\"
my_zip = "D:\\Download\\my_file.zip"

zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(my_zip, 'r')
for files in zip_file.namelist():
    data = zip_file.read(files, my_dir)
    # I am almost shure zip represents directory separator
    # char as "/" regardless of OS, but I  don't have DOS or Windos here to test it
    myfile_path = os.path.join(my_dir, files.split("/")[-1])
    myfile = open(myfile_path, "wb")
    myfile.write(data)
    myfile.close()
zip_file.close()
于 2011-02-07T01:20:06.827 回答
6

与Gerhard Götz 的解决方案类似的概念,但适用于提取单个文件而不是整个 zip:

with ZipFile(zipPath, 'r') as zipObj:
    zipInfo = zipObj.getinfo(path_in_zip))
    zipInfo.filename = os.path.basename(destination)
    zipObj.extract(zipInfo, os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(destination)))
于 2019-02-12T19:40:24.253 回答
-2

如果您遇到 badZipFile 错误。您可以使用 7zip 子进程解压缩存档。假设您已经安装了 7zip,然后使用以下代码。

import subprocess
my_dir = destFolder #destination folder
my_zip = destFolder + "/" + filename.zip #file you want to extract
ziploc = "C:/Program Files/7-Zip/7z.exe" #location where 7zip is installed
cmd = [ziploc, 'e',my_zip ,'-o'+ my_dir ,'*.txt' ,'-r' ] 
#extracting only txt files and from all subdirectories
sp = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
于 2019-01-31T09:45:18.837 回答