主要目标是使用 DiffBind(一个 R 包)来分析我的 ChIPseq 数据。
(我发现了另一篇可能与我的问题相关的帖子,并试图从中提取解决方案,但我想内容对我来说太“高级”了......)
根据我可能需要更新我的 DiffBind的建议, 我尝试安装它的新版本。
通过检查DiffBind 的依赖关系,我猜以前的安装会自动安装旧版本的 DiffBind,因为我的 R 不符合当前版本的 DiffBind 的要求。
但是我使用的是根目录下的 R,对此我无能为力。所以我决定在我自己的目录下安装一个更新版本的 R。我设法做到了。
然后我尝试安装当前版本的 DiffBind,我得到了错误
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘RcppArmadillo’
原来依赖库“RcppArmadillo”需要更新的编译器,同样,我使用的是根目录下的 gcc 编译器,所以我在自己的目录下安装了新版本的 gcc。
$ gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 6.1.0
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
$ which gcc
/$HOME/Programme/gcc-6.1.0/bin//gcc
之后我尝试再次安装 DiffBind (RcppArmadillo),但遇到了另一个错误:
* installing *source* package ‘RcppArmadillo’ ...
** package 'RcppArmadillo' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
checking whether the C++ compiler works... yes
checking for C++ compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes
checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes
checking how to run the C++ preprocessor... g++ -E
checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... (cached) yes
checking whether g++ accepts -g... (cached) yes
checking whether g++ version is sufficient... (6.1.0) yes
checking LAPACK_LIBS... fallback LAPACK from R 3.3.0 or later used
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating inst/include/RcppArmadilloLapack.h
** libs
g++ -I/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/include -DNDEBUG -I//$HOME/Programme/zlib-1.2.11/include -I//$HOME/Programme/bzip2-1.0.6/include -I//$HOME/Programme/xz-5.2.3/include -I//$HOME/Programme/pcre-8.40/include -I//$HOME/Programme/curl-7.52.1/include -I"/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/library/Rcpp/include" -I../inst/include -fpic -g -O2 -c RcppArmadillo.cpp -o RcppArmadillo.o
g++ -I/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/include -DNDEBUG -I//$HOME/Programme/zlib-1.2.11/include -I//$HOME/Programme/bzip2-1.0.6/include -I//$HOME/Programme/xz-5.2.3/include -I//$HOME/Programme/pcre-8.40/include -I//$HOME/Programme/curl-7.52.1/include -I"/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/library/Rcpp/include" -I../inst/include -fpic -g -O2 -c RcppExports.cpp -o RcppExports.o
g++ -I/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/include -DNDEBUG -I//$HOME/Programme/zlib-1.2.11/include -I//$HOME/Programme/bzip2-1.0.6/include -I//$HOME/Programme/xz-5.2.3/include -I//$HOME/Programme/pcre-8.40/include -I//$HOME/Programme/curl-7.52.1/include -I"/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/library/Rcpp/include" -I../inst/include -fpic -g -O2 -c fastLm.cpp -o fastLm.o
g++ -shared -L/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/lib -L//$HOME/Programme/zlib-1.2.11/lib -L//$HOME/Programme/bzip2-1.0.6/lib -L//$HOME/Programme/xz-5.2.3/lib -L//$HOME/Programme/pcre-8.40/lib -L//$HOME/Programme/curl-7.52.1/lib -o RcppArmadillo.so RcppArmadillo.o RcppExports.o fastLm.o -L/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/lib -lRlapack -L/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/lib -lRblas -lgfortran -lm -L/$HOME/Programme/R-3.3.1/lib64/R/lib -lR
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgfortran
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status**
原来gfortran
是找不到。但是当我检查gfortran
它是否存在时:
$ which gfortran
/usr/bin/gfortran
$ gfortran --version
GNU Fortran (GCC) 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GNU Fortran comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
You may redistribute copies of GNU Fortran
under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
For more information about these matters, see the file named COPYING
所以我假设gcc找不到根目录下的gfortran。我该如何解决这个问题?还是 gcc 和 gfortran 之间的不匹配可能是问题所在?如果是这种情况,可以采取什么措施来规避它?
我的 R 版本:
> sessionInfo()
R version 3.3.1 (2016-06-21)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.7 (Santiago)
locale:
[1] LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C
[3] LC_TIME=ja_JP.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=ja_JP.UTF-8
[5] LC_MONETARY=ja_JP.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=ja_JP.UTF-8
[7] LC_PAPER=ja_JP.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C
[9] LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=ja_JP.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base