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我使用一个 Arduino Mega 兼容板（SainSmart Mega 2560 R3 ATmega2560-16AU），它附加了一个 rtc 模块（v1.1 ds1307rtc）并使用附加的代码进行处理。我使用了 TimeAlarms 库（从http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_TimeAlarms.html下载) 每小时发出一次警报。警报应该每小时在不同的分钟发生，但为了测试，我将它们全部设置为第 12 分钟。此代码正在等待正确的时间，我可以通过 USB、串行接口设置。该代码大部分时间都运行良好。但有时警报没有激活，我的 LED 也不闪烁。我不知道为什么以及何时发生这种情况，我在工作闪烁和不工作之间没有任何变化。我也看不到它不能正常工作的任何时间，afaik 它工作正常，但有时会失败。如果它失败了，看起来失败后的所有小时都失败了，并且没有触发警报。我知道 TimeAlarms.h 中有 6 个警报的限制，并将此文件中的变量 dtNBR_ALARMS 设置为 25。

正如你所看到的，我已经实现了一个 printTime 函数，它打印出 rtc 和系统时间，并且两者总是正确的。

有谁知道我做错了什么或为什么有时会失败？

#include <Time.h>
#include <TimeAlarms.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <DS1307RTC.h>

tmElements_t tm;

int pwm_2 = 2;
int pwm_3 = 3;
int pwm_4 = 4;
int pwm_5 = 5;
int pwm_6 = 6;
int pwm_7 = 7;
int pwm_8 = 8;
int pwm_9 = 9;
int pwm_10 = 10;
int pwm_11 = 11;
int pwm_12 = 12;
int pwm_13 = 13;
//delay in the for loops
int dly = 120;

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup()  { 
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) ; // wait for serial
  setSyncProvider(RTC.get);   // the function to get the time from the RTC
  RTC.read(tm);
  setTime(tm.Hour,tm.Minute,tm.Second,tm.Day,tm.Month,tm.Year);
  printTime();

  //wait for time input via serial, time must be set at every system boot
  while(tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year) < 2014) {
    Serial.println("wait in time loop, you have to set a time, current time is not correct:");
    printTime();
    if (Serial.available()) {
      time_t t = processSyncMessage();
      Serial.println("wait in time loop");
      if (t != 0) {
        RTC.set(t);   // set the RTC and the system time to the received value
        setTime(t); 
        Serial.println("time is succesfully set to");
        printTime(); 
        break;        
      }
    }
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println("Time is already set to:");
  printTime();

  //set alarms for all hours in UTC, not in CET
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(0, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(1, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(2, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(3, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(4, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(5, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(6, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(7, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(8, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(9, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(10, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(11, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(12, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(13, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(14, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(15, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(16, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(17, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(18, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(19, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(20, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(21, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(22, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(23, 12, 0, shotAlarm);

  // declare pin 2-13 to be an output:
  pinMode(pwm_2, OUTPUT); //red
  pinMode(pwm_3, OUTPUT); //blue
  pinMode(pwm_4, OUTPUT); //green
  pinMode(pwm_5, OUTPUT);  //red
  pinMode(pwm_6, OUTPUT); //blue
  pinMode(pwm_7, OUTPUT);  //green
  pinMode(pwm_8, OUTPUT);  //red
  pinMode(pwm_9, OUTPUT); //blue
  pinMode(pwm_10, OUTPUT);  //green
  pinMode(pwm_11, OUTPUT); //red
  pinMode(pwm_12, OUTPUT);  //blue
  pinMode(pwm_13, OUTPUT);  //green  
} 

void shotAlarm() {
  Serial.println("SHOTALARM");
  analogWrite(pwm_2, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_5, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_8, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_11, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_3, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_4, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_6, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_7, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_9, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_10, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_12, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_13, 255); 
  for(int a = 0; a < 60; a = a+1) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 255; i = i + 1) {
      analogWrite(pwm_2, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_5, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_8, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_11, i); //red
      delay (5);
    }
    for (int i = 255; i > 0; i = i - 1) {
      analogWrite(pwm_2, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_5, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_8, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_11, i); //red
      delay (5);
    }
  }
}
void loop() {
  Alarm.delay(0);
  Serial.println("new loop");
  printTime();
  analogWrite(pwm_2, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm_5, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm_8, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm_11, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm_3, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_4, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_6, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_7, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_9, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_10, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_12, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_13, 255); 
  for (int i = 255; i > 0; i = i - 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_4, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_7, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_10, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_13, i); //green  
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < 255; i = i + 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_2, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_5, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_8, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_11, i); //red
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  } 
  for (int i = 255; i > 0; i = i - 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_3, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_6, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_9, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_12, i); //blue      
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < 255; i = i + 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_4, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_7, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_10, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_13, i); //green  
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }  
  for (int i = 255; i > 0; i = i - 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_2, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_5, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_8, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_11, i); //red
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < 255; i = i + 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_3, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_6, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_9, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_12, i); //blue 
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }
  Alarm.delay(0);
}

void printTime() {
  if (RTC.read(tm)) {
    Serial.print("Ok, RTC Time = ");
    print2digits(tm.Hour);
    Serial.write(':');
    print2digits(tm.Minute);
    Serial.write(':');
    print2digits(tm.Second);
    Serial.print(", Date (D/M/Y) = ");
    Serial.print(tm.Day);
    Serial.write('/');
    Serial.print(tm.Month);
    Serial.write('/');
    Serial.print(tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year));
    Serial.println();
  } 
  else {
    if (RTC.chipPresent()) {
      Serial.println("The DS1307 is stopped.  Please run the SetTime");
      Serial.println("example to initialize the time and begin running.");
      Serial.println();
    } 
    else {
      Serial.println("DS1307 read error!  Please check the circuitry.");
      Serial.println();
    }
  }
  Serial.print("Ok, System Time = ");
  print2digits(hour());
  Serial.write(':');
  print2digits(minute());
  Serial.write(':');
  print2digits(second());
  Serial.print(", Date (D/M/Y) = ");
  Serial.print(day());
  Serial.write('/');
  Serial.print(month());
  Serial.write('/');
  Serial.print(year());
  Serial.println();
}
void print2digits(int number) {
  if (number >= 0 && number < 10) {
    Serial.write('0');
  }
  Serial.print(number);
}
/*  code to process time sync messages from the serial port   */
#define TIME_HEADER  "T"   // Header tag for serial time sync message
unsigned long processSyncMessage() {
  unsigned long pctime = 0L;
  const unsigned long DEFAULT_TIME = 1357041600; // Jan 1 2013 

  if(Serial.find(TIME_HEADER)) {
    pctime = Serial.parseInt();
    return pctime;
    if( pctime < DEFAULT_TIME) { // check the value is a valid time (greater than Jan 1 2013)
      pctime = 0L; // return 0 to indicate that the time is not valid
    }
  }
  return pctime;
}
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2 回答 2

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对于所有后来阅读此线程的人：我在我的代码中发现了错误。以下行是错误的：

setTime(tm.Hour,tm.Minute,tm.Second,tm.Day,tm.Month,tm.Year);

正确的版本是：

setTime(tm.Hour,tm.Minute,tm.Second,tm.Day,tm.Month,tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year));

不幸的是，我忘记将年份值转换为预期的格式。上面的代码在这个更正下工作得很好。我检查了一个多星期的警报，它工作非常稳定。

感谢大家的帮助。

于 2015-01-11T13:25:13.367 回答
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值得一提的是，在TimerAlarm图书馆的自述文件中，它说您最多只能定义 6 个警报，但可以在图书馆内按dtNBR_ALARMS字段进行更改。当然数量受 ram 限制，但您可以轻松添加，因为 Arduino mega 有一个非常大的 SRAM。因此，如果您在警报方面遇到更多问题，这可能值得一看。

于 2016-06-01T14:30:41.207 回答