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这是我第一次使用堆栈溢出来解决个人问题，我已经搜索了我的问题的答案，但没有成功，所以如果我忽略了任何事情，请耐心等待，并提前感谢您的帮助。

我目前正在使用 ruby​​ on rails 4 版本 4.1.1（使用 RVM）制作应用程序，似乎每次我在命令行中输入任何 rake 或 rails 命令（例如 rails server 或 rails console）时，都会有一个它有 50/50 的机会按计划工作，其余时间我收到以下错误消息：

/Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/bundler-1.6.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:222:in `split': invalid byte sequence in UTF-8 (ArgumentError)
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/bundler-1.6.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:224:in `setup_environment'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/bundler-1.6.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:17:in `setup'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/bundler-1.6.2/lib/bundler.rb:120:in `setup'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/rubygems-bundler-1.4.4/lib/rubygems-bundler/noexec.rb:94:in `setup'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/rubygems-bundler-1.4.4/lib/rubygems-bundler/noexec.rb:124:in `check'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/rubygems-bundler-1.4.4/lib/rubygems-bundler/noexec.rb:131:in `<top (required)>'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:135:in `require'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:135:in `rescue in require'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:144:in `require'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/rubygems-bundler-1.4.4/lib/rubygems_executable_plugin.rb:4:in `block in <top (required)>'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/hooks.rb:50:in `call'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/hooks.rb:50:in `block in run'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/hooks.rb:49:in `each'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/hooks.rb:49:in `run'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:10:in `<main>'

现在，我去检查 runtime.rb 中明显错误的代码，它看起来像这样：

def setup_environment
  begin
    ENV["BUNDLE_BIN_PATH"] = Bundler.rubygems.bin_path("bundler", "bundle", VERSION)
  rescue Gem::GemNotFoundException
    ENV["BUNDLE_BIN_PATH"] = File.expand_path("../../../bin/bundle", __FILE__)
  end

  # Set PATH
  paths = (ENV["PATH"] || "").split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
  paths.unshift "#{Bundler.bundle_path}/bin"
  ENV["PATH"] = paths.uniq.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)

  # Set BUNDLE_GEMFILE
  ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = default_gemfile.to_s

  # Set RUBYOPT
  rubyopt = [ENV["RUBYOPT"]].compact
  if rubyopt.empty? || rubyopt.first !~ /-rbundler\/setup/
    rubyopt.unshift %|-rbundler/setup|
    ENV["RUBYOPT"] = rubyopt.join(' ')
  end

  # Set RUBYLIB
  rubylib = (ENV["RUBYLIB"] || "").split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
  rubylib.unshift File.expand_path('../..', __FILE__)
  ENV["RUBYLIB"] = rubylib.uniq.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
end

在第 222 行，即注释正下方的行# Set PATH，即paths = (ENV["PATH"] || "").split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR). 据我了解，这告诉我split方法的参数File::PATH_SEPARATOR, 在 UTF-8 编码中无效。我决定puts在该代码周围添加一些语句来检查发生了什么。所以，在下面# Set PATH，我输入：

puts "File::PATH_SEPARATOR is this: #{File::PATH_SEPARATOR}"
puts "This is the encoding: #{File::PATH_SEPARATOR.encoding}"
File::PATH_SEPARATOR.each_byte do |c|
    puts "This is the ASCII value: #{c}"
end

在 RAILS 命令不起作用的时候，终端的输出是：

File::PATH_SEPARATOR is this: :  
This is the encoding: ASCII-8BIT
This is the ASCII value: 58
/Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/bundler-1.6.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:227:in `split': invalid byte sequence in UTF-8 (ArgumentError)
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/bundler-1.6.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:224:in `setup_environment'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/bundler-1.6.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:15:in `setup'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/bundler-1.6.2/lib/bundler.rb:120:in `setup'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/rubygems-bundler-1.4.4/lib/rubygems-bundler/noexec.rb:94:in `setup'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/rubygems-bundler-1.4.4/lib/rubygems-bundler/noexec.rb:124:in `check'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/rubygems-bundler-1.4.4/lib/rubygems-bundler/noexec.rb:131:in `<top (required)>'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:135:in `require'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:135:in `rescue in require'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:144:in `require'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/rubygems-bundler-1.4.4/lib/rubygems_executable_plugin.rb:4:in `block in <top (required)>'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/hooks.rb:50:in `call'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/hooks.rb:50:in `block in run'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/hooks.rb:49:in `each'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/hooks.rb:49:in `run'
from /Users/drobro/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:10:in `<main>'

并且在 RAILS 命令起作用时，终端的输出是（此示例用于rails server命令）：

File::PATH_SEPARATOR is this: :
This is the encoding: ASCII-8BIT
This is the ASCII value: 58
File::PATH_SEPARATOR is this: :
This is the encoding: ASCII-8BIT
This is the ASCII value: 58
=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 4.1.0 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
=> Notice: server is listening on all interfaces (0.0.0.0). Consider using 127.0.0.1 (--binding option)
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
[2014-07-08 17:36:40] INFO  WEBrick 1.3.1
[2014-07-08 17:36:40] INFO  ruby 2.1.2 (2014-05-08) [x86_64-darwin13.0]
[2014-07-08 17:36:40] INFO  WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=6447 port=3000

这让我担心：两种情况下返回的信息都是相同的。更糟糕的是编码是 ASCII-8BIT，它比 UTF-8 更严格，而且无论如何，无效字符应该只是一个冒号......这应该不会在这两种编码中造成任何问题，对吧？所以我有两个问题：

1) 为什么我会收到这个无效的 utf-8 错误？

2）尽管输入相同，为什么它只发生一半？

谢谢你的帮助，我在这里不知所措。

4

1 回答 1

1

我设法通过更改行来解决问题：

paths = (ENV["PATH"] || "").split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)

至：

paths = (ENV["PATH"] || "").encode('UTF-8', :invalid => :replace).split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)

我的理解是，这会将无效的 UTF-8 字节序列替换为（等效的？？）有效的字节序列。但是，这并不能解释为什么问题只发生了一半，而这正是我真正遇到的问题。

所以，如果有人读到这篇文章并对发生的事情有任何线索，请随时发表评论并让我知道，我们将不胜感激。

于 2014-07-09T13:51:51.160 回答