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首先,我是 Linux 和进程的新手,所以我无法准确理解 fork() 的逻辑。我想从用户输入创建一个进程树并使用“pstree”显示这个树。但是,我的代码不止一次显示树。我认为原因是 fork() 复制了“pstree”命令,我无法解决这个问题。代码是这样的:

#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<string>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{

    int forkSize, currentPid,b=0;
    forkSize=atoi(argv[1]);


    int parentPid=getpid();
    
    for(int i=0;i<forkSize;i++)
    {
        
        currentPid = fork();
        
        if (currentPid<0)
        {
            cout<<"Error in fork"<<endl;
            exit(0);
        }
        if(currentPid == 0)
        {   
            cout << "Child process: My parent id = " << getppid() << endl;
            cout << "Child process: My process id = " << getpid() << endl;
        }
        else
        {   
            cout << "Parent process. My process id = " << getpid() << endl;
            cout << "Parent process. Value returned by fork() = " << currentPid << endl;
        }
       
    }
    
    fflush(stdout);
    
    char mychar[500];
    sprintf(mychar, "pstree -p -U %d", parentPid);
    system(mychar);
    fflush(stdout);
    
    cout<<endl;
    
    return 0;
}

当我使用输入 4 尝试此代码时,输​​出如下所示:

输出

我不明白为什么它一次又一次地显示所有内容。有没有办法一次显示树?如果能帮助我,我会很高兴的。

4

1 回答 1

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所有的进程最终都会得到运行的代码pstree。您应该在那里检查您是否处于原始父进程中,并且仅pstree在这种情况下运行。

#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<string>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{

    int forkSize, currentPid,b=0;
    forkSize=atoi(argv[1]);

    int parentPid=getpid();
    
    for(int i=0;i<forkSize;i++)
    {
        
        currentPid = fork();
        
        if (currentPid<0)
        {
            cout<<"Error in fork"<<endl;
            exit(0);
        }
        if(currentPid == 0)
        {   
            cout << "Child process: My parent id = " << getppid() << endl;
            cout << "Child process: My process id = " << getpid() << endl;
            sleep(1);
        }
        else
        {   
            cout << "Parent process. My process id = " << getpid() << endl;
            cout << "Parent process. Value returned by fork() = " << currentPid << endl;
        }
       
    }
    
    if (getpid() == parentPid) {
        char mychar[500];
        sprintf(mychar, "pstree -p -U %d", parentPid);
        system(mychar);
    }
        
    return 0;
}

顺便说一句,endl刷新输出,您不需要调用fflush(stdout);. 另外,那是 C,但您的代码是 C++。

于 2021-04-06T23:01:19.393 回答